The "do you still use it?" message given by a command that is
deeply deprecated and allow us to suggest alternatives has been
updated.
* kh/you-still-use-whatchanged-fix:
BreakingChanges: remove claim about whatchanged reports
whatchanged: remove not-even-shorter clause
whatchanged: hint about git-log(1) and aliasing
you-still-use-that??: help the user help themselves
t0014: test shadowing of aliases for a sample of builtins
git: allow alias-shadowing deprecated builtins
git: move seen-alias bookkeeping into handle_alias(...)
git: add `deprecated` category to --list-cmds
Makefile: don’t add whatchanged after it has been removed
The build procedure based on meson learned a target to only build
documentation, similar to "make doc".
* ps/meson-build-docs:
ci: don't compile whole project when testing docs with Meson
meson: print docs backend as part of the summary
meson: introduce a "docs" alias to compile documentation only
"git fast-import" learned that "--signed-commits=<how>" option that
corresponds to that of "git fast-export".
* cc/fast-import-strip-signed-commits:
fast-import: add '--signed-commits=<mode>' option
gpg-interface: refactor 'enum sign_mode' parsing
"git refs optimize" is added for not very well explained reason
despite it does the same thing as "git pack-refs"...
* ms/refs-optimize:
t: add test for git refs optimize subcommand
t0601: refactor tests to be shareable
builtin/refs: add optimize subcommand
doc: pack-refs: factor out common options
builtin/pack-refs: factor out core logic into a shared library
builtin/pack-refs: convert to use the generic refs_optimize() API
reftable-backend: implement 'optimize' action
files-backend: implement 'optimize' action
refs: add a generic 'optimize' API
The stash.index configuration variable can be set to make "git stash
pop/apply" pretend that it was invoked with "--index".
* dk/stash-apply-index:
stash: honor stash.index in apply, pop modes
stash: refactor private config globals
t3905: remove unneeded blank line
t3903: reduce dependencies on previous tests
Declare that "git init" that is not otherwise configured uses
'main' as the initial branch, not 'master', starting Git 3.0.
* pw/3.0-default-initial-branch-to-main:
t0613: stop setting default initial branch
t9902: switch default branch name to main
t4013: switch default branch name to main
breaking-changes: switch default branch to main
The "promisor-remote" capability mechanism has been updated to
allow the "partialCloneFilter" settings and the "token" value to be
communicated from the server side.
* cc/promisor-remote-capability:
promisor-remote: use string_list_split() in mark_remotes_as_accepted()
promisor-remote: allow a client to check fields
promisor-remote: use string_list_split() in filter_promisor_remote()
promisor-remote: refactor how we parse advertised fields
promisor-remote: use string constants for 'name' and 'url' too
promisor-remote: allow a server to advertise more fields
promisor-remote: refactor to get rid of 'struct strvec'
As part of the ongoing effort to consolidate reference handling,
introduce a new `optimize` subcommand. This command provides the same
functionality and exit-code behavior as `git pack-refs`, serving as its
modern replacement.
Implement `cmd_refs_optimize` by having it call the `pack_refs_core()`
helper function. This helper was factored out of the original
`cmd_pack_refs` in a preceding commit, allowing both commands to share
the same core logic as independent peers.
Add documentation for the new command. The man page leverages the shared
options file, created in a previous commit, by using the AsciiDoc
`include::` macro to ensure consistency with git-pack-refs(1).
Mentored-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Mentored-by: shejialuo <shejialuo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Meet Soni <meetsoni3017@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
In preparation for adding documentation for `git refs optimize`, factor
out the common options from the `git-pack-refs` man page into a
shareable file `pack-refs-options.adoc` and update `git-pack-refs.adoc`
to use an `include::` macro.
This change is a pure refactoring and results in no change to the final
rendered documentation for `pack-refs`.
Mentored-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Mentored-by: shejialuo <shejialuo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Meet Soni <meetsoni3017@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"git send-email" learned to drive "git imap-send" to store already
sent e-mails in an IMAP folder.
* ag/send-email-imap-sent:
send-email: enable copying emails to an IMAP folder without actually sending them
send-email: add ability to send a copy of sent emails to an IMAP folder
"core.commentChar=auto" that attempts to dynamically pick a
suitable comment character is non-workable, as it is too much
trouble to support for little benefit, and is marked as deprecated.
* pw/3.0-commentchar-auto-deprecation:
commit: print advice when core.commentString=auto
config: warn on core.commentString=auto
breaking-changes: deprecate support for core.commentString=auto
This was written in e836757e14 (whatschanged: list it in
BreakingChanges document, 2025-05-12) which was on the same
topic that added the `--i-still-use-this` requirement.[1]
Maybe it was a work-in-progress comment/status.
[1]: jc/you-still-use-whatchanged
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <code@khaugsbakk.name>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The closest equivalent is `git log --raw --no-merges`.
Also change to “defaults” (implicit plural).
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <code@khaugsbakk.name>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
git-whatchanged(1) is deprecated and you need to pass
`--i-still-use-this` in order to force it to work as before.
There are two affected users, or usages:
1. people who use the command in scripts; and
2. people who are used to using it interactively.
For (1) the replacement is straightforward.[1] But people in (2) might
like the name or be really used to typing it.[3]
An obvious first thought is to suggest aliasing `whatchanged` to the
git-log(1) equivalent.[1] But this doesn’t work and is awkward since you
cannot shadow builtins via aliases.
Now you are left in an uncomfortable limbo; your alias won’t work until
the command is removed for good.
Let’s lift this limitation by allowing *deprecated* builtins to be
shadowed by aliases.
The only observed demand for aliasing has been for git-whatchanged(1),
not for git-pack-redundant(1). But let’s be consistent and treat all
deprecated commands the same.
[1]:
git log --raw --no-merges
With a minor caveat: you get different outputs if you happen to
have empty commits (no changes)[2]
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/git/20250825085428.GA367101@coredump.intra.peff.net/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/git/BL3P221MB0449288C8B0FA448A227FD48833AA@BL3P221MB0449.NAMP221.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM/
Based-on-patch-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <code@khaugsbakk.name>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
With 145 builtin commands (according to `git --list-cmds=builtins`),
users are probably not keeping on top of which ones (if any) are
deprecated.
Let’s expand the experimental `--list-cmds`[1] to allow users and
programs to query for this information. We will also use this in an
upcoming commit to implement `is_deprecated_command`.
[1]: Using something which is experimental to query for deprecations is
perhaps not the most ideal approach, but it is simple to implement
and better than having to scan the documentation
Acked-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Helped-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <code@khaugsbakk.name>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
A '--signed-commits=<mode>' option is already available when using
`git fast-export` to decide what should be done at export time about
commit signatures. At import time though, there is no option, or
other way, in `git fast-import` to decide about commit signatures.
To remediate that, let's add a '--signed-commits=<mode>' option to
`git fast-import` too.
For now the supported <mode>s are the same as those supported by
`git fast-export`.
The code responsible for consuming a signature is refactored into
the import_one_signature() and discard_one_signature() functions,
which makes it easier to follow the logic and add new modes in the
future.
In the 'strip' and 'warn-strip' modes, we deliberately use
discard_one_signature() to discard the signature without parsing it.
This ensures that even malformed signatures, which would cause the
parser to fail, can be successfully stripped from a commit.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
"repo info" learns a short-hand option "-z" that is the same as
"--format=nul", and learns to report the objects format used in the
repository.
* lo/repo-info-step-2:
repo: add the field objects.format
repo: add the flag -z as an alias for --format=nul
"git refs exists" that works like "git show-ref --exists" has been
added.
* ms/refs-exists:
t: add test for git refs exists subcommand
t1422: refactor tests to be shareable
t1403: split 'show-ref --exists' tests into a separate file
builtin/refs: add 'exists' subcommand
Documentation for "git add" has been updated.
* je/doc-add:
doc: rephrase the purpose of the staging area
doc: git-add: simplify discussion of ignored files
doc: git-add: clarify intro & add an example
Meson does not currently provide a target to compile documentation,
only. Instead, users needs to compile the whole project, which may be
way more than they really intend to do.
Introduce a new "docs" alias to plug this gap. This alias can be invoked
e.g. with `meson compile docs`.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
68061e3470 (fast-import: disallow "feature export-marks" by default,
2019-08-29) added the documentation for this option. The second
paragraph is a literal block but it looks like it should just be
a regular paragraph.
Signed-off-by: Kristoffer Haugsbakk <code@khaugsbakk.name>
Acked-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
From user feedback on this section: 3 users don't know what "tree-ish"
means and 3 users don't know what "pathspec" means. One user also says
that the section is very confusing and that they don't understand what
the "index" is.
From conversations on Mastodon, several users said that their impression
is that "the index" means the same thing as "HEAD". It would be good to
give those users (and other users who do not know what "index" means) a
hint as to its meaning.
Make this section more accessible to users who don't know what the terms
"pathspec", "tree-ish", and "index" mean by using more familiar language,
adding examples, and using simpler sentence structures.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
From user feedback: one user mentioned that "When the <tree-ish> (most
often a commit) is not given" is confusing since it starts with a
negative.
Restructuring so that `git checkout main file.txt` and
`git checkout file.txt` are separate items will help us simplify the
sentence structure a lot.
As a bonus, it appears that `-f` actually only applies to one of those
forms, so we can include fewer options, and now the structure of the
DESCRIPTION matches the SYNOPSIS.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
From user feedback: several users say they don't understand the use case
for `--detach`. It's probably not realistic to explain the use case for
detached HEAD state here, but we can improve the situation.
Explain how `git checkout --detach` is different from
`git checkout <branch>` instead of copying over the description from
`git checkout <branch>`, since `git checkout <branch>` will be a
familiar command to many readers.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
From user feedback: several users reported having trouble understanding
the difference between `-b` and `-B` ("I think it's because my brain
expects it to contrast with `-b`, but instead it starts off explaining
how they're the same").
Also, in `-B`, 2 users can't tell what the branch is reset *to*.
Simplify the sentence structure in the explanations of `-b` and `-B` and
add a little extra information (what `<start-point>` is, what the branch
is reset to).
Splitting up `-b` and `-B` into separate items helps simplify the
sentence structure since there's less "In this case...".
Replace the long "the branch is not reset/created unless "git checkout"
is successful..." with just "will fail", since we should generally
assume that Git will fail operations in a clean way and not leave
operations half-finished, and that cases where it does not fail cleanly
are the exceptions that the documentation should flag.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
From user feedback: several users commented that "Local modifications
to the files in the working tree are kept, so that they can be committed
to the <branch>." didn't seem accurate to them, since
`git checkout <branch>` will often fail.
One user also thought that "... and by pointing HEAD at the branch"
was something that _they_ had to do somehow ("How do I point HEAD at
a branch?") rather than a description of what the `git checkout`
operation is doing for them.
Explain when `git checkout <branch>` will fail and clarify that
"pointing HEAD at the branch" is part of what the command does.
6 users commented that the "You could omit <branch>..." section is
extremely confusing. Explain this in a much more direct way.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
There's no need to use the terms "pathspec" or "tree-ish" in the
ARGUMENT DISAMBIGUATION section, which are terms that (from user
feedback on this page) many users do not understand.
"tree-ish" is actually not accurate here: `git checkout` in this case
takes a commit-ish, not a tree-ish. So we can say "branch or commit"
instead of "tree-ish" which is both more accurate and uses more familiar
terms.
And now that the intro to the man pages mentions that `git checkout` has
"two main modes", it makes sense to refer to this disambiguation section
to understand how Git decides which one to use when there's an overlap
in syntax.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
From user feedback: in the first paragraph, 5 users reported not
understanding the terms "pathspec" and 1 user reported not understanding
the term "HEAD". Of the users who said they didn't know what "pathspec"
means, 3 said they couldn't understand what the paragraph was trying to
communicate as a result.
One user also commented that "If no pathspec was given..." makes
`git checkout <branch>` sounds like a special edge case, instead of
being one of the most common ways to use this core Git command.
It looks like the goal of this paragraph is to communicate that `git
checkout` has two different modes: one where you switch branches and one
where you just update your working directory files/index. So say that
directly, and use more familiar language (including examples) to say it.
Signed-off-by: Julia Evans <julia@jvns.ca>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Since 1296cbe4b4 (init: document `init.defaultBranch` better,
2020-12-11) "git-init.adoc" has advertised that the default name
of the initial branch may change in the future. The name "main"
is chosen to match the default used by the big Git forge web sites.
The advice printed when init.defaultBranch is not set is updated
to say that the default will change to "main" in Git 3.0. Building
with WITH_BREAKING_CHANGES enabled removes the advice and changes
the default branch name to "main". The code in guess_remote_head()
that looks for "refs/heads/master" is left unchanged as that is only
called when the remote server does not support the symref capability
in the v0 protocol or the symref extension to the ls-refs list in the
v2 protocol. Such an old server is more likely to be using "master"
as the default branch name.
With the exception of the "git-init.adoc" the documentation is left
unchanged. I had hoped to parameterize the name of the default branch
by using an asciidoc attribute. Unfortunately attribute expansion
is inhibited by backticks and we use backticks to mark up ref names
so that idea does not work. As the changes to git-init.adoc show
inserting ifdef's around each instance of the branch name "master"
is cumbersome and makes the documentation sources harder to read.
Apart from "git-init.adoc" there are some other files where "master" is
used as the name of the initial branch rather than as an example of a
branch name such as "user-manual.adoc" and "gitcore-tutorial.adoc". The
name appears a lot in those so updating it with ifdef's is not really
practical. We can update that document in the 3.0 release cycle. The
other documentation where master is used as an example branch name
can be gradually converted over time.
Signed-off-by: Phillip Wood <phillip.wood@dunelm.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
A new command "git last-modified" has been added to show the closest
ancestor commit that touched each path.
* tc/last-modified:
last-modified: use Bloom filters when available
t/perf: add last-modified perf script
last-modified: new subcommand to show when files were last modified
A previous commit allowed a server to pass additional fields through
the "promisor-remote" protocol capability after the "name" and "url"
fields, specifically the "partialCloneFilter" and "token" fields.
Let's make it possible for a client to check if these fields match
what it expects before accepting a promisor remote.
We allow this by introducing a new "promisor.checkFields"
configuration variable. It should contain a comma or space separated
list of fields that will be checked.
By limiting the protocol to specific well-defined fields, we ensure
both server and client have a shared understanding of field
semantics and usage.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
For now the "promisor-remote" protocol capability can only pass "name"
and "url" information from a server to a client in the form
"name=<remote_name>,url=<remote_url>".
To allow clients to make more informed decisions about which promisor
remotes they accept, let's make it possible to pass more information
by introducing a new "promisor.sendFields" configuration variable.
On the server side, information about a remote `foo` is stored in
configuration variables named `remote.foo.<variable-name>`. To make
it clearer and simpler, we use `field` and `field name` like this:
* `field name` refers to the <variable-name> part of such a
configuration variable, and
* `field` refers to both the `field name` and the value of such a
configuration variable.
The "promisor.sendFields" configuration variable should contain a
comma or space separated list of field names that will be looked up
in the configuration of the remote on the server to find the values
that will be passed to the client.
Only a set of predefined field names are allowed. The only field
names in this set are "partialCloneFilter" and "token". The
"partialCloneFilter" field name specifies the filter definition used
by the promisor remote, and the "token" field name can provide an
authentication credential for accessing it.
For example, if "promisor.sendFields" is set to "partialCloneFilter",
and the server has the "remote.foo.partialCloneFilter" config
variable set to a value, then that value will be passed in the
"partialCloneFilter" field in the form "partialCloneFilter=<value>"
after the "name" and "url" fields.
A following commit will allow the client to use the information to
decide if it accepts the remote or not. For now the client doesn't do
anything with the additional information it receives.
Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
The flag `--show-object-format` from git-rev-parse is used for
retrieving the object storage format. This way, it is used for
querying repository metadata, fitting in the purpose of git-repo-info.
Add a new field `objects.format` to the git-repo-info subcommand
containing that information.
Mentored-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik.188@gmail.com>
Mentored-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Lucas Seiki Oshiro <lucasseikioshiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
